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Compare Pacific Ocean (2008) - Norfolk Island (2004)

Compare Pacific Ocean (2008) z Norfolk Island (2004)

 Pacific Ocean (2008)Norfolk Island (2004)
 Pacific OceanNorfolk Island
Administrative divisions - none (territory of Australia)
Age structure - 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry
Airports - 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 155.557 million sq km


note: includes Bali Sea, Bering Sea, Bering Strait, Coral Sea, East China Sea, Gulf of Alaska, Gulf of Tonkin, Philippine Sea, Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, South China Sea, Tasman Sea, and other tributary water bodies
total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 15 times the size of the US; covers about 28% of the global surface; larger than the total land area of the world about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world's five oceans (followed by the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean). Strategically important access waterways include the La Perouse, Tsugaru, Tsushima, Taiwan, Singapore, and Torres Straits. The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Pacific Ocean south of 60 degrees south. Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.
Birth rate - NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $4.6 million


expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)
Capital - Kingston
Climate planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns, modified by seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico from June to October and affect Mexico and Central America; continental influences cause climatic uniformity to be much less pronounced in the eastern and western regions at the same latitude in the North Pacific Ocean; the western Pacific is monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian landmass back to the ocean; tropical cyclones (typhoons) may strike southeast and east Asia from May to December subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 135,663 km 32 km
Constitution - Norfolk Island Act of 1979
Country name - conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
Currency - Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate - NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - NA
Dependency status - territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international some maritime disputes (see littoral states) none
Economic aid - recipient - NA
Economy - overview The Pacific Ocean is a major contributor to the world economy and particularly to those nations its waters directly touch. It provides low-cost sea transportation between East and West, extensive fishing grounds, offshore oil and gas fields, minerals, and sand and gravel for the construction industry. In 1996, over 60% of the world's fish catch came from the Pacific Ocean. Exploitation of offshore oil and gas reserves is playing an ever-increasing role in the energy supplies of the US, Australia, NZ, China, and Peru. The high cost of recovering offshore oil and gas, combined with the wide swings in world prices for oil since 1985, has led to fluctuations in new drillings. Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Elevation extremes lowest point: Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench -10,924 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
Environment - current issues endangered marine species include the dugong, sea lion, sea otter, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in Philippine Sea and South China Sea NA
Ethnic groups - descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians
Exchange rates - Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA
Exports - $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)
Exports - commodities - postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados
Exports - partners - Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
Fiscal year - 1 July - 30 June
Flag description - three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band
GDP - purchasing power parity - NA
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - NA
GDP - real growth rate - NA
Geographic coordinates 0 00 N, 160 00 W 29 02 S, 167 57 E
Geography - note the major chokepoints are the Bering Strait, Panama Canal, Luzon Strait, and the Singapore Strait; the Equator divides the Pacific Ocean into the North Pacific Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean; dotted with low coral islands and rugged volcanic islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated
Highways - total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)
Imports - commodities - NA
Imports - partners - Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
Independence - none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries - tourism
Infant mortality rate - total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA
International organization participation - UPU
Irrigated land - NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions
Labor force - NA
Labor force - by occupation - tourism NA, subsistence agriculture NA
Land boundaries - 0 km
Land use - arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
Languages - English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian
Legal system - based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth - total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
Literacy - NA
Location body of water between the Southern Ocean, Asia, Australia, and the Western Hemisphere Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references Political Map of the World Oceania
Maritime claims - territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - none
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Australia
National holiday - Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)
Nationality - noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
Natural hazards surrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the "Pacific Ring of Fire"; subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) in southeast and east Asia from May to December (most frequent from July to October); tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico and strike Central America and Mexico from June to October (most common in August and September); cyclical El Nino/La Nina phenomenon occurs in the equatorial Pacific, influencing weather in the Western Hemisphere and the western Pacific; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme north from October to May; persistent fog in the northern Pacific can be a maritime hazard from June to December typhoons (especially May to July)
Natural resources oil and gas fields, polymetallic nodules, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, fish fish
Net migration rate - NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders - none
Political pressure groups and leaders - none
Population - 1,841 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - -0.01% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors - none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade
Radio broadcast stations - AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions - Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996)
Sex ratio - NA
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: adequate


domestic: NA


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite service planned for near future
Telephones - main lines in use - 2,532; note: a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998)
Terrain surface currents in the northern Pacific are dominated by a clockwise, warm-water gyre (broad circular system of currents) and in the southern Pacific by a counterclockwise, cool-water gyre; in the northern Pacific, sea ice forms in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk in winter; in the southern Pacific, sea ice from Antarctica reaches its northernmost extent in October; the ocean floor in the eastern Pacific is dominated by the East Pacific Rise, while the western Pacific is dissected by deep trenches, including the Mariana Trench, which is the world's deepest volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains
Total fertility rate - NA children born/woman (2004 est.)
Transportation - note Inside Passage offers protected waters from southeast Alaska to Puget Sound (Washington state) -
Unemployment rate - NA
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